


ABOUT DIAMOND
The Two Faces of Diamond: Gem and Industry 💎
With its exceptional beauty, lustre, and sparkle, the diamond is the most iconic of all precious stones, highly prized in jewelry all over the world. However, this is only one of its uses.
The diamond's supreme hardness also makes it a vital industrial material. Approximately 80% of all mined diamondsare unsuitable for gemstone use and are instead utilized for industrial applications.
These include cutting tools, abrasive powders, specialist scalpels, and components for oil drilling.
The boundary isn't rigid, though; some smaller or lower-quality stones are polished into accent gems rather than being used by industry.
A History of Discovery
For over 2,000 years, diamonds were found only in alluvial deposits (river gravels).
Until about 1725, India was the world's primary source. As its production declined, Brazil became the next major supplier.The modern diamond industry began in 1867 with a discovery in gravels near the Orange River in South Africa. Further exploration led to a revolutionary finding: diamonds existed within their primary source rock—a type of volcanic pipe previously unknown. This rock was named kimberlite. Its discovery enabled large-scale mining directly from the source for the first time and formed the basis of the industry as we know it today.
Since then, similar deposits have been discovered globally. This has established major mining industries in other African nations, Russia (Siberia), Australia, and Canada, with smaller deposits also found in China and the USA.
ダイヤモンドの2つの顔:宝石と工業利用 💎
その類まれな美しさ、光沢、そして輝きから、ダイヤモンドは最も象徴的な宝石とされ、世界中のジュエリーとして高く評価されています。しかし、ダイヤモンドの用途は宝飾品だけではありません。
その極めて高い硬度から、ダイヤモンドは産業に不可欠な素材でもあります。採掘されるダイヤモンドの**約80%**は宝石としての品質基準を満たさず、工業用に利用されます。主な用途は、切削工具、研磨剤、医療用メス、石油掘削用のドリルビットなどです。ただし、両者の境界は明確ではなく、小粒であったり品質がやや低い石でも、工業用に回されずに宝飾品として研磨されることがあります。
発見の歴史
2000年以上にわたり、ダイヤモンドは沖積鉱床(川の砂利)からしか発見されませんでした。1725年頃までインドが世界の主要な供給源でしたが、その産出量が減少すると、ブラジルが新たな供給地として台頭しました。
現代のダイヤモンド産業の幕開けは、1867年に南アフリカのオレンジ川流域の砂利からダイヤモンドが発見されたことでした。その後の探査により、ダイヤモンドがその供給源である未知の火山岩筒(パイプ)に含まれているという画期的な事実が突き止められます。この岩石は**「キンバーライト」**と名付けられました。母岩から直接採掘する大規模な鉱業を史上初めて可能にしたこの発見は、今日のダイヤモンド産業の礎となっています。
この発見以降、同様の鉱床が世界中で発見されました。これにより、アフリカの他の国々、ロシア(シベリア)、オーストラリア、そしてカナダに大規模なダイヤモンド鉱山産業が確立され、中国やアメリカでも鉱床が見つかっています。

Carat
Refers to the weight of a diamond.
Carat is often confused with size even thought it is actually a measure of weight. One carat is equivalent to 200milligrams.One carat can also be divided into 100 "points". A.75 carat diamond is the same as a 75-points or 3/4 carat diamond.
A 1-carat diamond costs exactly twice the price of a half-carat diamond,right? Wrong.
Since larger diamonds are found less frequently in nature,which places them at the rarest level of the diamond quality pyramid, a
1-carat diamond will cost more than twice a 1/2-carat diamond(assuming color,clarity,and cut remain constant).
Cut and mounting can make a diamond appear large (or smaller)then it's actual weight. So shop around and talk to your jeweller to find the right diamond and setting to optimize the beauty of your stone.
カラット(重さ)
「○○カラットの大きなダイヤモンド」という言葉を耳にしたことがあると思いますが、カラットは、「大きさ」ではなく「重さ」を表す単位です。1カラット=0.2グラムで重くなればなるほど希少価値
高くなります。
カラットは、「__ct」と表示され、1ct=0.200gで、1gは5ctとなります。
電子デジタルの天秤を用いて千分の1カラットまで正確に測定し、少数第3位を8捨9入、もしくは第3位まで表示します。
原石の大部分は1ct未満の小さなものばかりですので、大粒の原石は、とても稀少です。
カットするとさらに小さくなることも考えると、大きければ大きいほどその価値は上がっていきます。

CUT
Refers to the angles and proportions of a diamond.
Based on scientific formulas, a well-cut diamond will internally reflect light from one mirror-like facet to another and disperse and reflect it through the top of the stone. This results in a display of brilliance and fire, thereby placing well-cut diamonds higher on the Diamond Quality Pyramid than deep or shallow-cut diamonds. Diamonds that are cut too deep or too shallow lose or leak light through the side or bottom, resulting in less brilliance and ultimately, value.
Cut also refers to shape - round, square, pear, or heart for example. Since a round diamond is symmetrical and capable of reflecting nearly all the light that enters, it is the most brilliant of all diamond shapes and follows specific proportional guidelines.
Ask a jeweller to find out more about these guidelines.
Non-round shapes, also known as "fancy shapes",will have their own guidelines to be considered well-cut.


カット(プロポーション)
ダイヤモンドは、ただ格好良くカットすればいいわけではありません。カットのプロポーションや角度が良くなければ、輝きを存分に発揮することはできません。
他の3つ要素がダイヤモンドが生まれつき持つものであることに対して、カットは人の手で加えられる要素となります。
職人の技によって、そのダイヤモンドが持つ良さを引き出し、輝けるかどうかが決まります。
CLARITY
Refers to the presence of inclusions in a diamond.
Inclusions are natural identifying characteristics such as minerals or fractures,appearing while diamonds are formed in the earth. They may look like tiny crystals,clouds or feathers.
To view inclusions, jewellers use a magnifying loupe. This tool allows jewelers to see a diamond at 10x it's actual size so that inclusions are easier to see. The position of inclusions can affect the value of a diamond
There are very few flawless diamonds found in nature, thus these diamonds are much more valuable.
Inclusions are ranked on a scale of perfection, known as clarity, which was established by the Gemological Institute of America(GIA).
The clarity scale, ranging from F(Flawless) to Included(I), is based on the visibility of inclusions at a magnification of 10x.
Some inclusions can be hidden by a mounting, thus having little effect on the beauty of a diamond. An inclusion in the middle or top of a diamond could impact the dispersion of light, sometimes making the diamond less brilliant.
The greater a diamonds clarity, the more brilliant, valuable and rare it is -and the higher it is on the Diamond Quality pyramid.


クラリティ (透明度)
クラリティは、「透明度」を表す基準です。キズ・欠け、内包物(インクルージョン)の大きさ・場所・性質などを鑑定して評価が決まります。包有物が多いと透明度が下がり、その分輝きを損なってしまうので、透明度が高いほど評価も高くなります。
COLOUR
Refers to the degree to which a diamond is colorless.
Diamonds range in colour from icy winter whites to warm summer whites.
Diamonds are graded on a colour scale established by the Gemological Institute of America(GIA)
which ranges from D(colorless)to Z.
Warmer colored diamonds(K-Z) are particularly desirable when set in yellow gold.
Icy winter whites(D-J) look stunning set in white gold or platinum.
Colour differences are very subtle and it is very difficult to see the difference between,
say, an E and an F. Therefore,Colour are graded under controlled lighting conditions
and are compared to a master set for accuracy.
Truly colorless stones, graded D, treasured for their rarity, are highest on the
Diamond Quality Pyramid. Colour, however, ultimately comes down to personal taste.
Ask a jeweler to show you a variety of colour grades next to one another to help you determine your colour preference.


カラー (色)
ダイヤモンドは無色透明ではなく、実際にはかすかに色がついているものがほとんどで、無色透明なものほど高く評価されます。
ダイヤモンドの色が黄色になればなる程、希少性がさがります。しかし、ある一程の黄色味を超えると、ファンシーカラーという評価がされ、他の基準でグレーディングされます。ファンシーカラーは他にも赤、ピンク、青、緑があります。